Hannah Chua has also copied chunks of text from the Master's thesis submitted to HKU in 2004 by Dr. John Ser-pheng Loh titled "The psychological profile of cleft and non-cleft patients presenting with dento-facial deformities and its changes following surgery". This original thesis can be downloaded from the HKU scholar's hub website http://hub.hku.hk/handle/ 10722/40702 (it would be better to save a copy as this document could eventually disappear). A side by side comparison in the table below of the 2 dissertations reveals the degree of similarity.
Even though HKU has blocked online access to Dr. Chua's thesis an article based on her dissertation and containing the aforesaid plagiarised text has been recently published (Chua HD, Ho SM, Cheung LK.The comparison of psychological adjustment of patients with cleft lip and palate after maxillary distraction osteogenesis and conventional orthognathic surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2012 Feb 28). This paper can be downloaded from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1079210411006081 and the comparison below applies to it as well.
(Won the most Outstanding Thesis Award)
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(Did not win any awards)
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1. Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS).
The SADS is a 28-item true-false self-reported questionnaire to assess social anxiety and distress behaviour.184
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1. Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS).
The SADS is a 28-item true-false self-reported questionnaire to assess social anxiety and avoidance behaviour (Watson & Friend, 1969).
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Internal consistency has been found to be very high (Cronbach alpha coefficient = 0.94), and the test has been reported to have good convergent and discriminating validity.185
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Internal consistency has been found to be very high (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.94), and it has been found to have good convergent and discriminating validity (Leary, 1991).
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A Chinese version of SADS was developed by Yu et al.186
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A Chinese version of SADS was developed by Yu et al. (2003),...
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High scores connote high social anxiety and distress.
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A high score in each subscale suggests a high social anxiety and distress....
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The SADS avoidance and SADS distress subscale scores were derived
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...the SADS Anxiety and SADS Distress subscale scores were obtained.
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The total score of SADS was obtained by adding the individual SADS avoidance and distress scores together.
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A SADS total score was achieved by summing the SADS Avoidance and the SADS Distress scores.
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2. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).
The Satisfaction with Life Scale187 was used to measure the subjective well-being of the patients.
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2. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).
The Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et aI., 1985) was used to measure subjective well-being of the participants.
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This scale was used by Cochrane and Slade (1999) on cleft patients.
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This scale was also used by Cochrane and Slade, 1999 on cleft patients.
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The SWLS has been shown to have good 2-month test-retest reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87).188
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SWLS was proved to have a good 2-month test-retest reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.87)...
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The 5-items Chinese version of the SWLS was developed by Shek.189
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The 5-item Chinese version of the SWLS was developed by Shek, (1998).
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Participants responded using a 7-point Likert-type scale (from strongly disagree to strongly agree), where higher scores indicated greater satisfaction with life.
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Participants responded according to a 7-point Likerttype scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree), of which higher scores indicated greater satisfaction with life.
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A score of 5-9 is interpreted as 'extremely dissatisfied', 10-14 as 'dissatisfied', 15-19 as 'slightly dissatisfied', 20 as 'neutral', 21-25 as 'slightly satisfied', 26-30 as 'satisfied' and 31-35 as 'extremely satisfied' with life.189
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A score of 5-9 is interpreted as 'extremely dissatisfied', 10-14 as 'dis-satisfied', 15-19 as 'slightly dis-satisfied', 20 as 'neutral', 21-25 as 'slightly satisfied', 26-30 as 'satisfied' and 31-35 as 'extremely satisfied' levels of satisfaction with life (Diener et aI., 1985).
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3. Cultural-Free Self-Esteem Inventory (CFSEI).
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3. Cultural-Free Self-Esteem Inventory (CFSEI).
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The 60-items true-false questionnaire190 measures one's selfesteem in four domains: general (overall perception of one's own worth), social (perception of the quality of one's relationships with peers), academic (one's appraisal of an ability to succeed academically) and parental (perception of one's status at home, including perception from their parents).
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The 60 true-false questionnaire (Battle, 1992) measures one's self-esteem in four domains - general (overall perception of one's own worth), social (perception of the quality of one's relationships with peers), academic (one's appraisal of an ability to succeed academically) and parental (perception of one's status at home, including perception from their parents).
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This is one of the most widely used selfesteem measures in Hong Kong.
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This questionnaire is one of the most widely used self-esteem measures in Hong Hong
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A Chinese version of CFSEI was developed by Chan et al.191 and this version was shown to have good reliability. (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.88)
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A Chinese version of CFSEI was developed by Chan et al.26 and this version proved to have a good reliability factor. (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.88)
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The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 15, SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA) was used to analyze the results. The following tests were selected to analyze and compare the tested samples and the controls:
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The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 11, SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA) was used to analyze the results. Independent sample t-tests and inter-correlation tests were selected to analyze and compare the tested samples and the controls.
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